Sustainable agriculture and food security in the context of climate change
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Climate change is intensifying droughts, floods, soil degradation, and production volatility in Latin America, where high agricultural capacity coexists with persistent difficulties in accessing sufficient and healthy food. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sustainable agricultural practices and food security in Latin American contexts affected by climate change. An exploratory, documentary, and qualitative literature review of publications from 2015 to 2025 was conducted. The selected sources were organized in a bibliographic matrix and examined through critical reading and thematic categorization. The results identified crop diversification, agroecology, agroforestry, conservation agriculture, ecological soil management, efficient water management, and silvopastoral systems as practices capable of improving food availability, access, nutritional quality, and stability. The evidence indicates that their benefits depend on systemic integration and the territorial, financial, technical, and institutional conditions enabling their adoption. It is concluded that sustainable agriculture constitutes a relevant, although insufficient on its own, strategy for strengthening agri-food resilience and reducing climatic, economic, and social vulnerabilities.
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